Vision and Destiny..

Whenever  God has sought to accomplish something in the earth for the sake of His Kingdom, He has always chosen a man, given him faith, vision, and provision for it, and has surrounded him with people who are committed to that cause. Although the people will love and respected the man, it not just about the man; it’s about the vision. I am not sure if most of us have an understanding of the importance of vision. I really pity the person who has no vision or cause and is not connected to any.

Jesus was the greatest visionary ever, but He had 12 men whom He trained to run with His vision ( Matthew 10:1 , 2). Gideon had 300 (Judges 7:7 ). Without a vision, the people will perish, but without the people, the vision will perish. The bottom line is; we all need each other.

Every vision must be nurtured, watched over and protected. It is the responsibility of the people to conduct their lives in an orderly fashion and be sure that they are not a hindrance to that cause (Luke 9:46-48 ). All it takes is one self-centered person who is not immediately dealt with to cause confusion and draw more attention to themselves than the vision. The vision we are a part of must be greater than our petty jealousy, envy, and strife.

 Many people have walked away from where the Lord has positioned them over an argument or disagreement that was petty and unprofitable. They allowed their condition to become greater than the vision they were a part of. Many of these same people have been unfruitful in their walk with God for years because of their refusal to forgive and refocus on purpose, cause, and vision. There is more to vision than preaching, singing, casting out devils, healing the sick, or winning people to Christ. We must live the kind of lifestyle that the Lord will say; well done!  Whether it is the local church vision, missions ministry, traveling music ministry, or an evangelistic ministry; you must have a forgiving attitude, a humble heart, and a love walk that overlooks the shortcoming of those around you.

You must be careful (prayerful) not to separate yourself from the person or the vision that is connected to fulfilling your destiny. For every person in the body of Christ, there is a vision and an anointing that the Holy Spirit will,  cause you to be attracted to for your good. When you get connected to the ministry with the vision that you should be a part of, stick to it like glue! The anointing on that ministry will cause you to experience great joy, peace,  illumination, and a sense of belonging and purpose.

But beware! The enemy will try to manipulate situations and your emotions to cause you to walk away. Don’t do it! Even if you have to pray through the night, shed some tears and turn down your plate and fast for a few days to conqueror your emotions and your imagination, just do it. There is no perfect church, perfect ministry, perfect vision, or a perfect leader. Don’t waste your time looking for one; it doesn’t exist! But, there is a vision, an anointing and ministry for you and your imperfections, and when you find it, you will know it. Remember, you must become a runner with your part in the vision. Speak with your leader and make yourself available. Be submitted, be faithful, be committed, be on time. As
you run with your part in the vision, your destiny will be fulfilled.

Bishop
McIver

Bishop/Pastor/Author/Publisher/Entrepreneur/Radio Producer/Conference Speaker

Overflowing Life Christian Center, Allentown, Pa

Where To File Your Taxes for Free

What Is IRS Free File?

The IRS Free File Program is a public-private partnership between the IRS and many tax preparation and filing software industry leaders who provide their brand-name products for free. It provides two ways for taxpayers to prepare and file their federal income tax online for free:

Guided Tax Preparation provides free online tax preparation and filing at an IRS partner site. The partners deliver this service at no cost to qualifying taxpayers. Only taxpayers whose AGI is $73,000 or less qualify for a free Federal tax return using IRS Free File guided tax preparation.

Free File Fillable Forms are electronic federal tax forms, equivalent to a paper 1040 form, you fill out online for free. If you choose this option, you will need to know how to prepare your own tax return. It is the only IRS Free File option available for taxpayers whose income (AGI) is greater than $73,000.

How to Access The Free Tax Programs:

To take advantage of the free federal tax return, you must select an IRS Free File provider from the Browse All Offers page or your Online Lookup Tool results.

To prepare and file your return, you need to create an account at the IRS Free File provider’s website that you accessed via IRS.gov

Please note that an account created at the IRS partner’s commercial tax preparation website does NOT work with IRS Free File: unless you access the provider’s Free File site as instructed above.

About Free Open-Source Applications

Free speaks everyone’s language! And Free open-source software applications freely available on the Internet can save you thousands of dollars. Free open-source software applications consist of a host of different types of applications offered throughout the Internet.

You can find just about any type of free alternative application to commercial brands you need to operate your business more efficiently. Everything from website building applications to desktop applications to a host of other applications you can use for small business productivity.

The whole idea of free open-source software is to produce comparable software without the expense. The benefits of using Free Open Source Software can include decreasing software costs, increasing security and stability (especially in regard to malware), protecting privacy, and giving users more control over their own hardware. Utilizing free internet software and applications can enable anyone and everyone, the same opportunity to start a high-profit potential business on the Internet, starting on only a shoestring budget!

FREE OPEN-SOURCE VS COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE

Open Source software has gained a reputation for reliability, efficiency, functionality that has surprised many people in the software engineering world.  Open source means choice and freedom not to mention how much money you can save over commercial brands. Proprietary software is software that is owned by an individual or a company (usually the one that developed it) like Microsoft. There are almost always major restrictions on its use, it can be expensive and is under restrictive copyright and the source code is usually hidden from the users.

The difference between free software created by the open-source communities and commercial software sold by vendors is support.

Open-source software projects have different support options. Open-source support is available through the developer’s forums and is one of the biggest arguments or complaints people have against open source programs, the lack of support due to some questions going unanswered or the long wait for answers!

FREE SOFTWARE LICENSE

A free software license is a notice that grants the recipient of a piece of software extensive rights to modify and redistribute that software. These actions are usually prohibited by copyright law, but the rights-holder (usually the author) of a piece of software can remove these restrictions by accompanying the software with a software license that grants the recipient these rights.

Software using such a license is free software as conferred by the copyright holder. Free software licenses are applied to software in source code as also binary object code form, as the copyright law recognizes both forms.

Some free software licenses include “copyleft” provisions which require all future versions to also be distributed with these freedoms. Other, “permissive”, free software licenses are usually just a few lines containing the grant of rights and a disclaimer of warranty, thus also allowing distributors to add restrictions for further recipients.

While historically the most widely used FOSS license has been the GNU General Public GNU v2, in 2015 according to Black Duck Software. The benefits of using FOSS can include decreasing software costs, increasing security and stability (especially in regard to malware), and protecting privacy. Free software licenses and open-source licenses are used by many software packages.

Free, open-source operating systems such as Linux and descendants of BSD are widely utilized today, powering millions of servers, desktops, smartphones (e.g. Android), and other devices. For the most part, open-source software in most cases is freely available software that anyone can use. Free and open-source software (FOSS) is computer software that can be classified as both free software and open-source software.

Anyone is freely licensed to use, copy, study, and change the software in any way, and the source code is openly shared so that people are encouraged to voluntarily improve the design of the software.

Setup a Website For Free With WordPress

Look no further than WordPress – to setup your online business. WordPress is a Content Management System (CMS), a free Web-based software program that anyone can use to build and maintain an interactive blog or Website. It is the world’s most popular website platform and the answer you’re looking for when you want to build an attractive, sophisticated blog or website, online store, social network, or specialty site —without having to learn any special coding. WordPress can also save you hundreds of dollars on your website development needs because it is free, easy to use, and produces professional results.

Website Or Blog
WordPress is primarily known as a blogging platform, and is the most popular blogging system in use on the Web, at more than 60 million websites. Due to the “Pages” feature, you can use WordPress to build static web pages. A static website contains Web pages with fixed content. Static sites are the most basic type of website and are the easiest to create. Big Name Brands such as Variety, Sony Music, and the New Yorker, all use WordPress to power their websites.

WordPress.org or WordPress.com?

You have WordPress.org and WordPress.com, both WordPress.org and WordPress.com offer powerful website-building tools, but they have some key differences. Here’s a breakdown:

WordPress.org Is The Self-Hosted WordPress:
WordPress.org is the self-hosted version of WordPress. This means you need to purchase your own web hosting and domain name. The cost of hosting your own WordPress site can be as little as 3.99 per month.

Full Control and Flexibility:
You have full control over your website, including the ability to install any themes. Thousands of WordPress themes exist, some free, and some premium (paid for) templates. Themes enable to change the look and feel of your site quickly and easily! WordPress users can install and switch between themes with the click of a button. Themes allow users to change not only the look but the functionality of a WordPress website or installation without altering the information content or structure of the site.

Control Over WordPress Plugins
You can control the plugins you add to your WordPress site. A very popular feature of WordPress is its plugin architecture which allows users and developers to extend its abilities far beyond the core installation. WordPress Plugins extend the functionality of WordPress- to create extraordinary Websites!

WordPress has a database of over 26,000 + plugins, each of which offers custom functions and features enabling users to tailor their sites to their specific needs. Plugins can be used to run e-commerce sites (online store), full-sized social media-rich business websites, social networks, e-learning sites, membership sites and so much more quickly and easily!

WordPress Multisite 
WordPress Multisite is a WordPress feature that will enable you to run multiple  WordPress sites with multiple users from within one WordPress installation. All the installations make up a network. WordPress MU makes it possible for you to host your own blogging communities, social network, Marketplace such as Esty you an have Multi-vendor sites as well control and moderate all the blogs and sites from a single dashboard.

Monetization Options:
You can run ads, sell products, and monetize your site in any way you choose without restrictions.

With WordPress.org you are responsible for managing updates, backups, and security of your website. There are hosting companies that take care of the backups automictically and there are plugins that help with security, and updates are normally automated with one click.

WordPress.com- is a hosted service provided by Automatic

  • Hosted Platform: WordPress.com is a hosted service provided by Automatic, the company behind WordPress. They handle the hosting for you.
  • Ease of Use: It’s easier to set up and manage, making it a good option for beginners who don’t want to deal with the technical aspects of running a website.
  • Plans and Pricing: WordPress.com offers various pricing plans, including a free plan with very limited features and paid plans that unlock more features and customization options, WordPress.com can be costly compared to the self-hosted WordPress.org
  • Limited Flexibility: While you can use themes and plugins, the choices are more limited compared to WordPress.org. Customization options are also more restricted on lower-tier plans.
  • Maintenance and Security: WordPress.com takes care of updates, backups, and security, so you don’t have to worry about those aspects.

Summary

  • WordPress.org: Best for those who want full control, customization, and the ability to monetize without restrictions. If you’re looking for maximum customization and control, WordPress.org is the way to go.
  • WordPress.com: Offers less flexibility best for those who prefer a simpler setup and management process with hosting included. But can be far more costly compared to the hosted version WordPress.org

Choosing between the two depends on your needs and how much control you want over your website.

Build A Website For Free With Free APPS

In today’s digital age, every business should have a website. A Website is built to educate, it is a unique way to connect with a worldwide audience. Whether you choose to create a website to inform people of your present or new business, sell products, or services over the Internet, your website is not only just another platform to increase potential customer outreach, but it also serves as your company’s virtual sales representative.

Content Management Systems

Content management (CM) is a set of processes and technologies that supports the collection, managing, and publishing of information in any form or medium. When stored and accessed via computers, this information may be more specifically referred to as digital content, or simply as content.

WordPress

WordPress is by far the most popular content management system but each one of the following free open-source Content Management applications has been around for a long time and is still widely used today. They are used to build robust dynamic websites. By adding some additional functionality they can be used for just about any type of website you can think of.

WordPress is by far the most popular content management system. Not only is it easy but WordPress is by far the most popular content management system. By adding plugins you can create just about any type of website you can think of. WordPress is the answer you’re looking for when you want to build an attractive, sophisticated blog or website, online store, social network, or specialty site —without having to learn any special coding.

WordPress is pretty popular and a good option for people who want to attempt to build their own website. If and you want to step beyond WordPress there are some other really nice robust content management applications such as:

Joomla

Create Professional Websites with Joomla! Joomla is a free open-source CMS system, used to build websites from templates. Varying from fairly basic to more complex sites. Some of the types of sites would include…

  • Corporate intranets and extranets
  • Online magazines, newspapers, and publications
  • E-commerce and online reservations
  • Government applications
  • Small business web sites

Joomla is one of the most popular website software, thanks to its global community of developers and volunteers, who make sure the platform is user-friendly, extendable, multilingual, accessible, responsive, search engine optimized and so much more. It provides capabilities for multiple users with different permission levels to manage (all or a section of) content, data, or information of a website project, or intranet application.

Drupal

Drupal is a web development platform that stores your page content in a database and displays that content on web pages.  Drupal is referred to as a Content Management System (CMS) similar to WordPress or Joomla.

Drupal is a publishing platform created for building dynamic websites offering a broad range of features and services. Drupal can support a diverse range of web projects ranging from personal weblogs to large community-driven and corporate sites. Use as-is or snap in any of thousands of free designs and plug-ins for rapid site assembly. Developers love the well-documented APIs. Designers love our flexibility. Site administrators love limitless scalability.

Stand-Alone Applications

With WordPress, Joomla, and Drupal you can extend their functionality to build all types of websites. Free open source stand-alone applications are specifically designed for one specific purpose such as:

Forum Software Applications

Online forums are very popular! An Internet or online forum, or message board, is an online discussion site where people can hold conversations in the form of posted messages. They differ from chat rooms in that messages are often longer than one line of text, and are at least temporarily archived. An online community forum can be set up by an organization or a brand, where members, customers, and fans alike can congregate, ask questions, receive peer-to-peer support, discuss interests surrounding the brand and make social connections.

eLearning Software Applications

eLearning offers courses that are specifically delivered via the internet to somewhere other than the classroom where the professor is teaching also referred to as distance learning. eLearning utilizes electronic technologies to access educational curricula outside of a traditional classroom.  In most cases, it refers to a course, program, or degree delivered completely online. Set up your own online school with free e-learning software:

Social Networking Software Applications

Social networking sites are online communities where people can interact with friends, family, coworkers, acquaintances, and others with similar interests. Most social networking sites are Web-based and provide many ways for their users to interact, such as chat, messaging, email, video, voice chat, file-sharing, blogging, and discussion groups.

How to Keep Your Computer Safe

Scammers, hackers and identity thieves are looking to steal your personal information – and your money.  To prevent problems before it happens:

Update Your Software. Keep your software updated– including your operating system, the web browsers you use to connect to the Internet, and your apps – up to date to protect against the latest threats. Most software can update automatically, so make sure to set yours to do so.

Outdated software is easier for criminals to break into. If you think you have a virus or bad software on your computer, check out how to detect and get rid of malware.

Protect Your Personal Information. Don’t hand it out to just anyone. Your Social Security number, credit card numbers, and bank and utility account numbers can be used to steal your money or open new accounts in your name. So every time you are asked for your personal information – whether in a web form, an email, a text, or a phone message – think about why someone needs it and whether you can really trust the request.

In an effort to steal your information, scammers will do everything they can to appear trustworthy. Learn more about scammers who phish for your personal information.

Protect Your Passwords. Here are a few ideas for creating strong passwords and keeping them safe:

  • Use at least 10 characters; 12 is ideal for most home users.
  • Try to be unpredictable – don’t use names, dates, or common words. Mix numbers, symbols, and capital letters into the middle of your password, not at the beginning or end.
  • Don’t use the same password for many accounts. If it’s stolen from you – or from one of the companies where you do business – thieves can use it to take over all your accounts.
  • Don’t share passwords on the phone, in texts or by email. Legitimate companies will not ask you for your password.
  •  If you write down a password, keep it locked up, out of plain sight.

Consider Turning On Two-Factor Authentication. For accounts that support it, two-factor authentication requires both your password and an additional piece of information to log in to your account. The second piece could be a code sent to your phone or a random number generated by an app or a token. This protects your account even if your password is compromised.

Give Personal Information Over Encrypted Websites Only. If you’re shopping or banking online, stick to sites that use encryption to protect your information as it travels from your computer to their server. To determine if a website is encrypted, look for https at the beginning of the web address and you may see a lock. That means the site is secure.

Back-Up Your Files. No system is completely secure. Copy your files to an external hard drive or cloud storage. If your computer is attacked by malware, you’ll still have access to your files.

State Revenue Offices Websites

State Revenue Sites

Free Opensource Commercial Brand Alternative Desktop Software Applications

Free Desktop Business Software Alternatives to Commercial Brands….

1. LibreOffice An Alternative to Microsoft Office

LibreOffice is a powerful office suite – its clean interface and feature-rich tools help you unleash your creativity and enhance your productivity. LibreOffice includes several applications that make it the most powerful Free and Open Source office suite on the market:

2. Inkscape Alternative to Adobe Illustrator

Inkscape is open-source vector software, intended to serve as a replacement for Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw, or Xara X. The program uses the Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) format for files. It serves as a formidable replacement for more complex and expensive program suites and supports some of the more advanced features of SVG graphics editors. The program can make a great replacement for proprietary software, especially for beginning freelancers and small businesses.

3. Scribus Alternative to Adobe Indesign

Scribus is an Open Source application that functions very much like Adobe Indesign. Both are used for Desktop Publishing (layout design for brochures, e-books, newspapers, and pdfs). Since Scribus is Open Source, it’s free and free for others to contribute to the application.  You can use one of the included templates for your project, or just start from scratch and use the included tools to design a finished project that’s perfectly in line with your vision. Scribus is a good alternative to more expensive and elaborate desktop publishing programs.

4. Gimp Imaging Editing Software – Alternative to Photoshop

GIMP is a free image retouching and editing tool, very much like Adobe Photoshop. Tools include free-form drawing, resizing, cropping, and photo montages. It is an extremely capable piece of software with many capabilities. It can be used as a simple paint program, an expert quality photo retouching program, an online batch processing system, a mass production image render, an image format converter, etc

5. e-book Creation and Management Software

Calibre is a free and open-source e-book library management application developed by users of e-books for users of e-books. Calibre converts files to PDF, ePub, and other file types that work well on e-readers.

6. GnuCash Free Accounting Software

Gnucash is a great alternative to commercial accounting software packages, for small businesses and freelancers of all kinds…And Best of all it’s FREE! GnuCash business features are impressive for a free product!  It is designed especially for the small- to midsized-business owner who needs an accounting system that’s not only easy to use but also easy on the budget!

7. Multi-track Audio Editor and Recorder.

Audacity is a free, easy-to-use, multi-track audio editor and recorder for Windows, Mac OS X, GNU/Linux, and other operating systems. The interface is translated into many languages. You can use Audacity to:,•Record live audio., •Record computer playback on any Windows Vista or later machine., •Convert tapes and records into digital recordings or CDs., •Edit WAV, AIFF, FLAC, MP2, MP3, or Ogg Vorbis sound files., •Cut, copy, splice, or mix sounds together. •Change the speed or pitch of a recording.
•And more!

8. FileZilla FTP Program

FileZilla is an FTP program that comes in handy when you need to manage the files on your hosting server. FileZilla offers a two-window display. One side is the files on your computer and the other side is your files stored on the hosting company server. Filezilla allows you to quickly and easily upload and download files from your computer to the server and vice versa.

How to Install Free Opensource Web Applications For Non-techies

To set up a website on the Internet using free open-source website development applications such as WordPress, Joomla, and many others requires 3 simple steps.

1.Purchase a Domain Name

2. Purchase a Hosting Plan

3. Install the software

Installing The Software

One of the problems with free open-source web development applications is they have to be download and installed manually on the Internet. For a non-techie, this might pose a challenge, but there is hope!

The solution is to choose a hosting company that offers Cpanel or any other script that will enable you to install free open-source web applications with one-click installation. This means no technical knowledge is required, and there is no need to download any software. Anyone who can press a button can install free web building open-source applications.

The only other requirement is that you choose a hosting company that offers the open-source website development application(s ) you are interested in installing.

The History Of Biblical Praise Dancing

From ancient times to the present, dancers have expressed ideas, stories, and rhythm with their bodies. They use a variety of dance forms that allow free movement and self-expression, including classical ballet, modern dance, and culturally specific dance styles. The Biblical significance of dance is better understood by thoroughly examining the diversity and frequency with which scripture uses terms for dance.

Hastings Dictionary of the Bible defines dance as “an expression of the feelings by movements of the body, more or less controlled by a sense of rhythm.”
The bible says that in him we move, breathe and have our being. God made the human body with both eyes and ears, and the “Body of Christ” also needs to see and hear, to be seen and heard. When we can visualize the nature and character of God we can better understand and better worship Him. Dance adds the visual aspect to worship.

Dancing seems to have occurred at certain very great occasions in Israel’s history.

Ex 15:20—Miriam leads the dance after the Red Sea crossing, Israel birthed
as a nation.
2 Sam 6:14—Dance ushered in the establishment of the Davidic Kingdom and a new order of worship. Jer 31:4,13—Dance and the return from captivity in Babylon.

Dance is the fulfillment of prophecy.

“Again I will build you, and you shall be rebuilt, O virgin of Israel! You shall again be adorned with your tambourines, and shall go forth in the dances of those who rejoice” Jer 31:4 (“virgin of Israel” = the Bride, the end time church).

Dance is a sign of blessing and restoration in the church.

2 Sam 6:13-14—dance is associated with the restoration of the glory of God to his people. The joy of our heart has ceased; our dance has turned into mourning” Lam 5:15—the absence of dance is a sign of judgment.

Dance resists the enemy (Jam 4:7).

3 main occasions for dance in Israel’s day—harvest, marriage, victories in battle—all 3 of which spiritually point to the end times. When we dance it is a sign to Satan that his time is short! The authority of the feet—Gen 3:5, Rom 16:20, Ps 8:6, etc.—Satan is particularly nervous about what your feet are doing!

The range of expressive movement which the Bible describes includes leaping, jumping, running, to hop, skip, whirl, turn, twist, spiral, spin, to writhe or contract, to gallop, prance, stamp feet, to tremble, to circle around, to laugh and rejoice, to stretch, be limber, to throw up the hands, to clap, bow down, fall down prostrate, arise and stand up.

A. Mahol—“to dance with joy” over the blessings of God both present and future.
1) Ps 149, 150—because of His mighty acts and greatness.
2) Jer 31:31—because of future blessings.
3) N.T. parallel “choros” Luke 15:25 (dancing at banquet of prodigal son).

B. Mehola—“a joyous dance of celebration” usually for military victories or festivals.
May include round dances, interpretive or imitative dance (pantomimic dance), or responsive movement to a dance leader (“choregos” in Greek).
1) Song 6:13—“the dance of Mahanaim” or 2 armies (military).
2) Ex 15:20—victory over Pharoah’s armies (responsive).
3) 1 Sam 18:6-7—David & Saul’s victory (military).
4) N.T. parallel “orcheomai”—to dance in a row or rings as in ranks (Mark 6:22)

C. Hul—root word with 2 primary meanings: “writhing in travail or trembling,” and “whirling in a spiral motion.” Used in a broader sense, more figuratively applies to emotions or attitudes associated with the movements.
1) Ps 97:4—the earth saw and “trembled;” Is 23:5—“agony” at God’s judgment.
2) Jer 23:19—God’s anger in a “whirlwind;” Hos 11:6—whirling of a sword.

D. Giyl—“to circle in joy”—rejoicing at God’s works or attributes.
1) Ps 45:15—joy of a wedding procession.
2) 2. Is 9:3—joy of a redeemed nation.
3) Zech 9:9—joy of the coming Messiah
4) 4. Ps 118:24—rejoice in a new day.
5) N.T. parallel “agalliao”—to exult & jump for joy (1 Pet 1:6-8, 4:13, Rev 19:7, Luke1:14, Luke 10:21)

E. Pazaz—“to be supple or agile in movement, to spring up.”
1) 2 Sam 6:16—David leaping before the ark.
2) N.T. parallel “hallomai”—Acts 3:8 healed lame man leaped up.

F. Dalag—“to leap” as hurtling over an object.
1) Song 2:8—leaping on the mountains.
2) 2. 2 Sam 22:30—leaping over a wall.

G. Ragad—“to stamp feet and skip about” as in playful movements of children.
1) Job 21:11—children dancing
2) 2. Ps 29:6—Lebanon to “skip” like a calf.

H. Yadah—“to throw up the hands” in confession of praise, to acknowledge God’s character, or to acknowledge sin (surrender)
1) Ps 86:12—“praise” Him with all your heart.
2) Ps 105:1—“give thanks” “make known His deeds among the peoples!”
3) Ps 32:5—“acknowledge” sin and “confess” transgressions to the Lord.

I. Shaha—“to fall down in worship, to bend or stoop”
1) Is 45:14—“they shall fall down to thee.”
2) 2. Is 49:23—“they shall bow down.”

J. Kara—“to bend the knee, to prostrate oneself.”
1) Ps 95:6—“come let us worship and bow down.”
2) Is 45:23—“every knee shall bow.”
3) N.T. parallel “kampto”—to bend or bow low (Phil 2:10)

K. Quwm—“to rise up and stand”
1) Song 2:13—arise my love.
2) 2. Is 60:1—“arise, shine; for your light has come!”

The range of expressive movement which the Bible describes includes leaping, jumping, running, to hop, skip, whirl, turn, twist, spiral, spin, to writhe or contract, to gallop, prance, stamp feet, to tremble, to circle around, to laugh and rejoice, to stretch, be limber, to throw up the hands, to clap, bow down, fall down prostrate, arise and stand up.

Dancers normally work with choreographers, who create original dances and develop new interpretations of existing dances. Because few dance routines are written down, choreographers instruct performers at rehearsals to achieve the desired effect. In addition, choreographers usually are involved in auditioning performers.